Abstract: “This paper presents a voltage mode universal biquadratic filter with one input and five output terminals, realizing all the standard filter functions that are high pass, band pass, low pass, notch and all pass, without changing the circuit topology. The proposed circuit employs three plus-type differential difference current conveyors (DDCCs), three grounded resistors and two grounded capacitors. The proposed filter enjoys the features of high input impedance and low active and passive sensitivities. PSPICE simulation results are given to confirm the validity of the proposed circuit.”

Keywords: active filter, high input impedance, analogue