16 Articles Published

1. EFFECTS OF REPLACING OF ANIONIC MONOMER OF WATER REDUCING ADMIXTURE WITH SULFONATE AND PHOSPHATE GROUPS ON SOME PROPERTIES OF CEMENT PASTE AND MORTAR MIXTURES

Authors: ALI MARDANI-AGHABAGLOU , MUHAMMET GÖKHAN ALTUN , SÜLEYMAN ÖZEN , SULTAN HUSEIN BAYQRA

Abstract: In this study, the effect of anionic functional group change of polycarboxylate-ether based water reducing admixture on some fresh state properties and compressive strength of the cement paste and mortar mixtures was investigated. For this purpose, in addition to the control admixture having 100% of carboxylate as anionic functional group, four different types of admixture were synthesized by replacing 10 and 30 mol% of anionic functional group with sulfonate and phosphate functional groups. In all admixtures anionic/non-ionic group ratios, free non-ionic group contents, molecular weights, main chain and side chain lengths were kept constant. In all mixtures CEMI 42.5R type cement were used as binder. In mortar mixtures water/cement ratio, sand/binder ratio and slump-flow values were kept constant as 0.485, 2.75 and 270±20 mm, respectively. According to the test results, flow time of the paste and mortar mixtures did not significantly change by substitution of carboxylate anion functi

Keywords: water reducing admixture, sulfonate functional group, phosphate functional group, cement paste, mortar

Pages: 1 - 6 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-01

2. QUANTITATIVE CONTRAST BETWEEN THE METHODOLOGIES FOR THE VOLUMETRIC EVALUATION WITH CROSS-SECTIONS AND 3D MODELS IN TUNNELS EXCAVATED WITH EXPLOSIVES

Authors: ELENA CASTILLO LÓPEZ , FELIPE PINA GARCIA , RAUL PEREDA GARCIA , JULIO MANUEL DE LUIS RUIZ , RUBEN PEREZ ALVAREZ

Abstract: This research aims to establish the differences that are produced when calculating the volume of the excavation of a tunnel by means of equidistant cross sections obtained from a 3D model, and the 3D model itself, which was obtained from laser scanner data. The purpose of this research intends to contrast numerically a methodology that has been traditionally applied (cross-sections), and a more recent one which is supported by the use of powerful calculation algorithms that are appropriate for 3D models. All this research is applied to a tunnel that is used as spillway of a large dam that serves to regulate the water of a hydraulic facility. The results of this work justify in a quantitative way that, compared to the modern approach, the classical methodology produces deviations that can reach the 10% of the total volume of the excavation, which implies very high expenses, given the costs of this kind of work.

Keywords: Drill and Blast Tunneling; Cubication; DTM; Crossed Sections; Laser scanner.

Pages: 7 - 11 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-02

3. RESEARCH PROGRESS ON THE INFLUENCE OF DEEP FOUNDATION PIT EXCAVATION ON ADJACENT PILE FOUNDATION

Authors: BANTAYEHU UBA UGE , GUO YUAN CHENG

Abstract: The formidable challenge confronted by engineers of this century is designing and construction of sustainable infrastructures that support civilization. Such modern structures in urban dwellings inevitably induces new deep excavations to be built close to existing piled foundations. In order to assess this interaction and to cope the practical challenges faced during construction, thus far there have been numerous researches and advances in experience. The remarkable evolution took place over the decades in the deep excavation technology and other relevant technologies has been well detailed in the literature but needs refinement in considering the complex nonlinear stress-strain response of soils corresponding to different unloading effects (stress-path dependent soil deformation) while analyzing the effect of excavation on the nearby pile foundation. Moreover, it is observed that previous experimental studies performed to simulate the problem did not fully take into account the effec

Keywords: deep foundation pit excavation; pile foundation; soil – structure interaction; risk management

Pages: 12 - 19 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-03

4. SOIL IMPROVEMENT USING LIME MATERIAL: A CASE STUDY IN SAUDI ARABIA

Authors: ADEL ALBLAWI , AHMED HAMDI MANSI , OSAMA HUSSEIN GALAL , SALMAN AL DALBAHI

Abstract: Soil improvement techniques have been widely used to enhance the engineering properties of weak soils that do not satisfy construction conditions, mainly in terms of bearing capacity. In our case, a weak soil classified as Lean Clay with Sand (AASHTO classification system) was improved adding Lime with different percentages in terms of weight of the dry soil. In order to assess the level of achieved improvement, the various samples, with 2, 4, and 6% added Lime was tested and assessed in comparison to the reference soil, i.e. disturbed with no addition of Lime. The sieve analysis, the Atterberg limit, the chemical analyses, i.e. Sulphate, Chloride contents and PH value, are carried out. The fourth sample with 6% added Lime illustrated the best results. On the one hand, based on the sieve analysis, the original soil classified as A-6, indicating very weak soil, was improved to A-1-b class that represents well-graded sand, which indicates an excellent soil. On the other hand, the more th

Keywords: Soil Improvement, Lime, AASHTO classification, Atterberg Limits, Sulphate content, Chloride content, PH value.

Pages: 20 - 24 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-04

5. THE UTILISATION OF LATHE STEEL WASTE FIBERS TO IMPROVE PLAIN CONCRETE

Authors: MUTLAQ LAFI , OSAMA HUSSEIN GALAL , AHMED HAMDI MANSI

Abstract: We studied the effects of using industrial steel solid wastes resulted from lathes to enhance the compressive strength of concrete. In average, 3-4 Kg/lathe of steel waste fibers are produced on daily basis. Such steel waste can be recycled in order to mitigate its environmental hazards. Moreover, using it to reinforce concrete is a feasible and sustainable solution. Six (6) concrete cube specimens were casted with (1% and 2%, in terms of concrete weight) and without steel waste then tested under compression. Also, the workability of the casted fresh concrete with different ratios of steel waste (0%, 1%, and 2%) was estimated utilizing the slump test. The results shows that adding lathes steel waste fibers to plain concrete enhances its compressive strength while the workability of the fresh concrete containing the steel waste fibers decreases.

Keywords: Steel Waste Fibers, Steel Lathes, Compression, Workability, Slump Test.

Pages: 25 - 28 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-05

6. BATHYMETRIES, HISTORY OF AN EVOLUTION IN PRECISION AND PERFORMANCE

Authors: ELENA CASTILLO LÓPEZ , FELIPE PINA GARCIA , RAUL PEREDA GARCIA , JULIO MANUEL DE LUIS RUIZ , RUBEN PEREZ ALVAREZ

Abstract: Bathymetries are a fundamental element in civil engineering when the work to be made must be based on the study of submerged terrain. In this sense, they are necessary in many situations: marine constructions such as dikes, docks, etc; dredging volume control, river flood study, etc. Traditionally bathymetries have been a difficult and costly job both in time and effort. However, over time and supported by the development of topographic and geodetic technologies, they have undergone an important transformation and progress in both precision and performance. In this sense, this article reviews the evolution of the different topographic techniques used over time, emphasizing the investigation and study of the accuracies and efficiencies typical of them; especially those that are used today. In this way, it can be concluded that, with the appropriate methodology, currently, bathymetries can be made with centimeter accuracy and with an efficiency that can exceed several square kilometers e

Keywords: Bathymetry, echosonunder, accuracy, GPS, performance.

Pages: 34 - 38 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-07

7. SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF VESTAS WIND TURBINE TOWER INCLUDING DYNAMIC SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION

Authors: ABDELRAHMAN, G. E, , MOHAMED, K. I , YOUSSEF, Y. G

Abstract: Due to the rapid expansion of wind energy and the growing numbers of wind turbines constructed in earthquake areas. It is required to perform more research works for a better understanding of this issue. Accordingly, this humble study is needed. This study considered the onshore Vestas (V47/660) wind turbine tower which is located at Zafarana Wind Turbine Farm in Egypt. The foundation of this tower is designed as a large rigid reinforced concrete type and constructed in an active seismic region. The main research question is; what is the effect of the soil type, seismic frequency and amplitudes on the foundation and the tower translation movement? Also, the research hypothesis believes that the softer the soil is the greater its effect on tower and foundation deformations. Accordingly, this study has been planned. The aerodynamic effect induced due to the turbine blades has been excluded, while the static loads of the turbines as well as the seismic effect of the regions have been cons

Keywords: wind turbines, earthquake, dynamic soil structure interaction, plaxis 3d.

Pages: 39 - 87 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-08

8. THE EFFECTS OF SUBMERGED BIOFILTER ON WATER QUALITY OF POLLUTED DRAINS IN EGYPT

Authors: HANY F. ABD-ELHAMID , MAHMOUD M. ABDEL DAIEM, , NOHA SAID , EMAD H. EL-GOHARY , AHMED HAMDI MANSI

Abstract: The use of unconventional water sources, e.g., reusing treated wastewater and drainage water, could be an important water source for agriculture irrigation in order to overcome the water scarcity in Egypt. In this study, the effect of using submerged biofilters on water quality in the Bilbeas drain as a case study of polluted drains in Egypt is investigated. This study showed that the reuse of treated wastewater and drainage water for irrigation is an attractive option to alleviate water scarcity in Egypt. Furthermore, the case study in the Bilbeas drain showed that using submerged biofilters increased the removal efficiency of the chemical oxygen demand to 40.8% in comparison with natural self-purification, which was 9.8%

Keywords: Treated Wastewater; Drainage Water; Submerged biofilter; Agricuture Irrigation; Eg

Pages: 52 - 55 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-10

9. THE SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE USING POLYSTYRENE FOAM

Authors: ADEL ALBLAWI , AHMED HAMDI MANSI , OSAMA HUSSEIN GALAL , MAHDI GHAZAWI

Abstract: Lightweight concrete that can be casted using lightweight cement, ultra-light aggregates, hollow sealed spheres made of ceramic and glass, clay bubbles entrapping air, foam material like polystyrene and recycled materials concrete has extreme importance in the construction industry. The weight of the cubes has reduced approximately 22, 26, and 27% using 5, 10, and 15% adding polystyrene foam, respectively. For the 5 % added polystyrene foam, the compressive strengths of the 7, 14, and 28 days increased with 22, 7, and 6%, respectively. While for the 10 % of polystyrene enhanced the compressive strength value of the 28 days with 2.6%. Finally, the compressive strengths of the 15 % of polystyrene cubes were degraded with 29, 28, and 4 %, at 7, 14, and 28 days, respectively. Regarding the flexural tensile strength, the mo

Keywords: Lightweight Concrete, Polystyrene Foam, M15 Design Mix, Compressive Strength, Flexural Tensil

Pages: 56 - 60 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-11

10. HEAT EXCHANGE AND FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF A COOLED EGR MODULE EVALUATED IN AUTOMOTIVE OPERATING CONDITIONS

Authors: ADRIAN IRIMESCU , BIANCA MARIA VAGLIECO , SIMONA SILVIA MEROLA , VASCO ZOLLO

Abstract: Compression ignition engines are an essential part of automotive transportation and even marginal improvements can bring significant benefits in terms of costs and environmental impact. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is used on an extensive scale for these power units, and monitoring their performance continuously would ensure improved procedures for ensuring longer lifetime and better efficiency. Within this context, the current work evaluated the heat transfer performance of a cooled EGR module in view of developing a dedicated sensor. This device should provide enough information on heat exchange and flow performance of the recirculation unit, while being able to integrate the acquired information within the vehicle communication network. Apart from the minimal requirement of identifying failures, the new component goes beyond current virtual-sensor based approaches and will ensure better efficiency of EGR valves and more precise maintenance intervals

Keywords: EGR module, compression ignition engines, heat transfer, flow characteristics

Pages: 61 - 66 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-12

11. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF INNOVATIVE SOLAR-ABSORBING FAçADE PANEL

Authors: TIN-TAI CHOW , WENJIE LIU

Abstract: A new solar-absorbing Façade Panel has been developed in this government-funded project to cope with the urgent needs on building sustainability research, in particular the renewable energy applications. In this paper, two related inventions, namely the water-filled glazing with submerged heat exchanger and the heat-pipe-ring embedded curtain walling, are described. With the use of validated self-developed simulation programs, the energy performance of the glazed and opaque areas of the panel are assessed separately. Performance comparisons were made with the conventional curtain walling. The findings support that with an appropriate coverage of the new Façade Panel on the building envelope, as well as the appropriate area ratio of the glazed to opaque surfaces, this innovative Façade is able to reduce significantly the solar transmission and to generate adequate hot water with promising thermal efficiency.

Keywords: solar-absorbing panel, water-filled glazing, heat pipe technology, building energy conservation, curtain wall

Pages: 72 - 76 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-14

12. SENSITIVITY OF TRANSPORT MODE CHOICE IN ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT

Authors: AHMED MAHMOUD DARWISH AHMED ETTISH , ALY HASSAN , MOUNIR MAHMOUD MOGHAZZY ABDEL-AAL

Abstract: Transport mode choice in Alexandria has radically changed during the last decades, since many trips were shifted from public transport to private transport and informal public transport. This research aims at analyzing the sensitivity of transport mode choice in Alexandria under different transport policies and assess the impact on modal shift to public transport. For that aim, a Multinomial Logit Model for Alexandria has been developed, calibrated using Biogeme Software. Having validated the calibrated model, the behavior of modal split under different policies is analyzed. The proposed transport policies includes improving public transport attributes and/or increasing trip cost for other transport modes. The analyses results reveal that improving current public transport trip time and trip cost have moderate and minor effect on modal shift to public transport share respectively. Improving public transport utility constant has a significant effect, which can be achieved by introducing

Keywords: Sustainability, Mobility, Multinomial Logit Model (MNL), Modal Split, Biogeme Software,

Pages: 77 - 83 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-15

13. ADVANCED HYBRID SIMULATION APPLICATION PLATFORM

Authors: BOUSIAS S , PALIOS X , STATHAS N , STREPELIAS E

Abstract: The design of complicated structures for high level performance under accidental actions has been a scientific challenge in the field of civil engineering, with social and economic implications. The method of hybrid simulation lends itself as an efficient tool in unveiling the nonlinear response of structural systems. The present research aims to evaluate the technical aspects of a hybrid simulation (HS) implementation platform, making use of the current knowledge but paving the way to future extensions in multi-physics problems.

Keywords: hybrid simulation, substructures, control system,

Pages: 29 - 33 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-06

14. RICE STRAW CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS POTENTIAL ENERGY IN VALENCIA (SPAIN)

Authors: AHMED HAMDI MANSI , MAHMOUD M. ABDEL DAIEM, , MONTSERRAT ZAMORANO TORO , NOHA SAID

Abstract: Rice straw is attractive as a fuel for heat and power generation. High amount of straw is generated annually from rice cultivation in Valencia. This amount could be converted to a valuable energy product such as gas through direct combustion, biogas from anaerobic digestion, syngas through gasification or in the form of liquid as bio-oil from pyrolysis and ethanol through biochemical. Thus, the theoretical energy from this amount of rice straw through the different techniques was estimated in this study. Furthermore, the characteristics of rice straw as source of energy have been studied. The results showed that the direct combustion represents the highest technique for recovering energy from rice straw followed by pyrolysis, gasification, biochemical conversion and finally anaerobic digestion. The results of rice straw analysis indicated that its major constituents are cellulose (32.95%) and hemicellulose (25.86%), making it a good candidate for ethanol production. Furthermore, it has

Keywords: Rice straw, Characteristics, Potential energy

Pages: 67 - 71 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-13

15. STABILITY THEORY METHODS IN MECHANICS PROBLEMS

Authors: LYUDMILA K.KUZMINA

Abstract: The research is concerned with various aspects of qualitative analysis in Complex systems dynamics, including fundamental problems of modelling in Mechanics. Generalized approch, based on Lyapunov's stability theory and Chetayev's idea, is developed. Besides the investigated objects are treated for unified view point on formed basic postulates (stability and singularity) as singularly perturbed ones. It offers ample scope to obtain the reduction principle analogue, valid for general qualitative analysis and synthesis problems; to establish the effective technique for problems of decomposition in Mechanics. The concepts and methods of classical stability theory are developed for problems of singularly perturbed systems; the statements of N.G.Chetayev and P.A.Kuzmin are extended for stability problems with parametric perturbations in non-regular case. It enables to investigate the critical and transcendental cases, inherent to mechanics systems. The non-trivial cases are considered here:

Keywords: stability, theory, research

Pages: 84 - 86 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-16

16. THE UTILISATION OF LATHE STEEL WASTE FIBERS TO IMPROVE PLAIN CONCRETE

Authors: AHMED HAMDI MANSI , OSAMA HUSSEIN GALAL , MUTLAQ LAFI

Abstract: We studied the effects of using industrial steel solid wastes resulted from lathes to enhance the compressive strength of concrete. In average, 3-4 Kg/lathe of steel waste fibers are produced on daily basis. Such steel waste can be recycled in order to mitigate its environmental hazards. Moreover, using it to reinforce concrete is a feasible and sustainable solution. Six (6) concrete cube specimens were casted with (1% and 2%, in terms of concrete weight) and without steel waste then tested under compression. Also, the workability of the casted fresh concrete with different ratios of steel waste (0%, 1%, and 2%) was estimated utilizing the slump test. The results shows that adding lathes steel waste fibers to plain concrete enhances its compressive strength while the workability of the fresh concrete containing the steel waste fibers decreases.

Keywords: Steel Waste Fibers, Steel Lathes, Compression,

Pages: 25 - 28 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-182-5-05